Make Holy: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Cleansing, Purifying, and Sanctifying Virtual Tour
Photos by Roger Layton
A Multidisciplinary Approach to Cleansing, Purifying and Sanctifying
Exhibition Content
“Sanctify yourselves: for to morrow the Lord will do wonders among you.” Joshua 3:5 [1]
Joseph Smith noted that Zion was “the most important temporal object in view” of the early Latter-day Saints.2 Since Zion’s residents “serve [God] in righteousness” (D&C 100:16), they necessarily undergo cleansing, purification, and sanctification. How do you think these activities prepare us to establish Zion?
While there is a starting and ending point to each process, God does not wait for us to be completely cleansed before He begins purifying and sanctifying us. The cumulative effects of these activities help us become more holy and bring us closer to Christ while also regenerating our bodies, spirits, and souls. Nothing we do in mortality will be more demanding or transformative.
This exhibition seeks a deeper understanding of the elements, processes, and times or spaces associated with cleansing, purifying, and sanctifying while exploring the concepts through multiple disciplines. Reflecting on these terms can be intellectually enlarging, spiritually strengthening, and character building.
“As we sanctify our lives, I firmly believe our minds become single to the glory of God. . . . in [D&C] section 88, verse 74, the Savior said, ‘and sanctify yourselves; yea, purify your hearts, and cleanse your hands and your feet before me.’ As we cleanse our lives, our thoughts, our minds, our actions, the Savior promised that ‘Whatsoever ye ask the Father in my name it shall be given unto you, that is expedient for you.’” Elder Yoshihiko Kikuchi [3]
Specific elements are necessary for cleansing, purifying, and sanctifying.
CLEANSING implies a period of preparation coupled with washing, disinfecting, or scouring. Remember that Naaman, suffering from leprosy (2 Kings 5), was instructed to cleanse himself in the River Jordan.
PURIFYING requires more effort, often involves seclusion or containment, and goes deeper, penetrating all layers thoroughly and removing foreign or inferior substances.4 Remember the sons of Levi (Malachi 3:3) are to be purged as gold and silver.5
SANCTIFYING is far more metamorphic and redemptive since it is the process of turning from sin and worldliness and the act of setting apart to make someone, something, or someplace holy.6 Jeremiah’s experiences in the Old Testament help illustrate this process.
In Judaism, sanctification represents the state of proper functioning. Christians believe the term refers to the process of making something or someone holy. Both religions perceive sanctification as part of ritual purification and cleanliness. In The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, sanctification also involves a progression of righteousness leading to the building of Zion and includes sacred rituals, which reflect inward changes as we yield ourselves to God.7
What do I need in order to cleanse, purify, and sanctify?What other scriptural stories include elements of cleansing, purifying, and sanctifying? |
Cleansing, purifying, and sanctifying are multistep processes.
Divine Processes
Processes require time and effort, and they imply step-by-step methods of achieving specific outcomes that are attainable, thorough, reliable, and replicable.
God works through His own divine processes. The Old Testament begins with the creation process of the Earth. Scripture stories frequently illustrate conversion and repentance. The Book of Moses even states that Enoch’s Zion was taken into heaven “in process of time” (Moses 7:21). Would we expect anything different from a God who gives instructions “line upon line, precept upon precept” (D&C 98:12)?
“Being born again, unlike our physical birth, is more a process than an event. And engaging in that process is the central purpose of mortality.” Elder D. Todd Christofferson [8]
“They did fast and pray oft, and did wax stronger and stronger in their humility, and firmer and firmer in the faith of Christ, unto the filling their souls with joy and consolation, yea, even to the purifying and sanctification of their hearts, which sanctification cometh because of their yielding their hearts unto God.” Helaman 3:35
How does my course of study utilize processes associated with cleansing, purifying, or sanctifying?What processes is God using to cleanse, purify, and sanctify me?What activities can I do daily, weekly, or monthly to feel the power of cleansing, purifying, or sanctifying? |
What do the processes of cleansing, purifying, and sanctifying look like through the lenses of various disciplines?
Anthropology
Zach Chase, PhD
Across all social, historical, and cultural groups, concepts and practices of cleanliness and purity prioritize correctly ordered material and social relationships. If the cross-cultural definition of “dirt is matter out of place,” as anthropologists have long noted, then cleansing and purifying are more than superficial or cosmetic adjustments; instead, they are ongoing, co-constitutive processes of aligning self, community, and world with principles of correct order. Mud in the garden is not unclean the way muddy hands would be if not cleansed before sitting down to dinner; food scraps are cleaned from the table, but they belong (back) in the garden.
Sanctifying, then, would be a rearrangement of relations between different elements according to that which is highest, most immutable, or sacred. For example, as a child begins to grow and develop the moral conscience and agency characteristic of mature individuals, we have the cleansing and sanctifying ordinance of baptism, which purifies the baptized from sin and “reorders” them as a different category of person in terms of their new covenant relationship to the Lord and His people.
Comparing examples highlights differences and shared values regarding cleanliness. Late nineteenth-century US authorities responded to concerns over Hansen’s Disease (or leprosy) by isolating the infected from the general population. Hawaiian Latter-day Saints in Utah were unwilling to physically isolate themselves from infected family members; their own notions of correctly ordered relations—particularly those of ohana (family)—prioritized shared proximity and loving care over infection concerns. How might considering these competing concepts of purification (as correctly ordered relations) in light of Christ’s interactions in life open different perspectives on sanctification?
Chemistry
Greg Nelson, PhD
Chemists take great care to prepare and purify a chemical they are investigating. Removing even trace impurities by heat, filtration, or other methods is crucial to studying and understanding a substance’s true nature.
Ancient metal workers―chemists of their day―discovered a method to purify silver. Lead ore containing small amounts of silver was heated to approximately 1,800 F. in a cupel―a flat, porous dish made from either bone ash or from clay mixed with calcium carbonate. Extreme heat combined with air blown over the melted ore vaporized some impurities, brought others to the surface for the silversmith to scrape off, or were absorbed into the cupel, thereby removing the unwanted impurities, and leaving pure silver. In Malachi 3:2-3, the Lord describes himself as both the refiner’s fire, and a refiner and purifier of silver:
For he is like a refiner’s fire, and like fuller’s soap. And he shall sit as a refiner and purifier of silver: and he shall purify the sons of Levi, and purge them as gold and silver, that they may offer unto the Lord an offering in righteousness.
Chemists meticulously prepare their instruments with care, almost ritually, to prevent inadvertent introduction of impurities to a purification method.
Civil and Construction Engineering
Clifton Farnsworth, PhD
Many civil and construction engineering projects focus on the importance of cleanliness.
Neat, uncluttered construction sites have been found to increase productivity and have fewer worker accidents. Good organization and vigilant maintenance are crucial processes to keep job sites orderly and safe.
Clean drinking water provides another example. Without clean water, poor hygiene and lack of sanitation lead to sickness and even death. Over one billion people worldwide live in areas of physical water scarcity and 2.2 billion people still lack safely managed drinking water. Civil and construction engineers are tasked with providing the water infrastructure necessary to capture, store, transport, and clean the water necessary to sustain human life.
The processes of cleaning water commonly include removal of the large particles and smaller contaminants using settling and filtering techniques. The water is then disinfected with chemicals or ultraviolet light to kill harmful bacteria and viruses, where it becomes purified sufficiently for human consumption and use.
Similarly, water discharged from our homes, industries, and businesses must also be recleaned and purified before being released back to the environment. Wherever clean water exists, all varieties of life flourish. Living water is a symbol of the Lord Jesus Christ and His teachings. Just as water is essential to sustain physical life, the living water that Christ provides is essential for eternal life.
Environmental and Public Health
Jim Johnston, PhD
Cleaning up past pollution and preventing current and future pollution from occurring are major functions of environmental health.
Advancements in science, agriculture, industry, and health have led to significantly longer and healthier lives for most populations worldwide. However, as human populations have grown and flourished, we have struggled to find solutions for dealing with solid, liquid, or gaseous pollutants that we generate. For much of recorded history, little was done to prevent these pollutants from being discharged into the air, water, or land. Pollution has led to epidemic-level diseases, such as cholera outbreaks from sewage-contaminated water, and lung diseases associated with polluted air. In addition, pollution has caused serious damage to ecosystems in many parts of the world.
Environmental remediation is the process of “remedying” these past mistakes. It involves cleansing our air, water, and soil of past pollution. Remediation efforts involve using scientific tools to assess the magnitude and extent of the pollution. Various methods are then employed to contain and extract the contaminants from the air, water, or soil. This process also involves finding new and better ways to prevent pollutants from being discharged into the environment, such as the development of wastewater treatment systems and clean energy production.
Environmental remediation, as I tell my students, is a process of repentance because, in effect, we are purifying the Earth from past sin, learning from past mistakes, and turning to find new solutions. This process improves our health and happiness because our physical, mental, and spiritual health is intimately tied to the environments in which we live.
Biblical Insights
Dan Belnap, PhD
Anciently, the concepts of cleansing, purifying, and sanctifying worked as processes leading Israel to a sanctified, or holy, state. Inherent in these processes was the concept of integrity―meaning being wholly and truly what it is and not a mixture of things. Thus, cleansing and purifying sought to restore the innate integrity (e.g., the health, the spiritual state, the physical prowess) of the object, places, or people in question.
The primary term translated as “clean” most often refers to an item that has an outward or visible integrity. Although purity frequently overlaps with cleanliness, it primarily refers to an inward cleansing, or a restoration of integrity for that which was not always visible.
Both cleansing and purifying make sanctifying possible. The Hebrew term translated as “sanctify” is the verb form. The noun/adjectival form of the word is “holy.” Although often defined as “to separate,” holiness also carries with it a sense of completion or wholeness.
Thus, that which is holy is whole, complete, or finished; consequently, the process of sanctification is one of becoming whole or finished.
The adjectival form of holy has two different versions: one meaning a thing that is holy can imply that which is whole or finished or complete, and the other makes things whole. This second form describes God and is used in the commandment to “be ye holy.” Thus, Israel was instructed to sanctify themselves to become sources of sanctification for others. It is possible that this is the source for Christ’s injunction to “be ye perfect,” since the Greek word translated as “perfect” may be better translated as “complete, finished.”
Microbiology and DNA Manipulation
Sandra Hope, PhD, MBA
In microbiology, DNA manipulation uses processes that are cleansing and purifying to generate what some may call a sanctified product.
Before experiments can even begin, microbiologists cleanse and sterilize equipment to obtain reliable results: surfaces are cleaned with bleach or UV light; glassware and broths are sterilized through the high pressure and heat of an autoclave; metalware is heated with a flame; and ultrapure water is pre-treated with the explosive substance diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) to inactivate any residual items in the water.
Purification is needed for incremental steps of DNA manipulation. The manipulation process generates partially or fully altered versions of DNA, so each version must be carefully separated and purified. Specialized bacteria engulf a copy of the modified DNA and divide to form individual clones that are evident as small points of growth on a petri dish. Microbiologists manually select a clone to obtain a purified, single version of altered DNA. If additional modifications are needed, the process is repeated to generate new bacterial clones.
Each subsequent product of the manipulation process is closer to the desired version of DNA, which can eventually generate life-saving products for science and medicine. The repetitive process to manipulate DNA is akin to perpetual spiritual growth through incremental personal improvements that constantly purify our souls toward a sanctified state.
Nursing
Karen Lundberg, MS, RN, CNE
Cleanliness is a primary concern for nurses. Before and after direct patient contact, nurses always wash their hands. Proper handwashing utilizes clean, running water, scrubbing with soap for 20 seconds, nail cleaning, and then rinsing with clean water.
Through our modern eyes, washing hands to prevent infection seems obvious. But until the late-1800s, hand washing was not commonly performed by both nurses and doctors. Prior to wide acceptance of the germ theory, infection was a major cause of morbidity. Often the source of infection was caregivers themselves. The founder of modern nursing, Florence Nightingale, was an early advocate of cleanness. She wrote in 1860:
“Every nurse ought to be careful to wash her hands very frequently during the day. If her face, too, so much the better.”14
During her work in British Army Hospitals, she advised nurses to keep all surfaces clean, and open windows to allow more sunlight and improve the air. Her simple principles of cleanliness impacted her patients’ health and laid the groundwork for modern principles of infection control.
Another nursing infection control principle includes creating a sterile field around patients during an invasive procedure. This means the immediate area is thoroughly cleaned and sterilized, including instruments and gloves that could potentially touch the patient.
The nurses’ act of cleaning instruments and washing hands to protect their patients becomes a sort of ritual or sacred action. As nurses wash their hands and prepare sterile fields, there is time to pause and reflect upon their next actions. These acts of cleanliness become not only purposeful acts of caring but also time to dedicate their labors to the well-being of strangers.
Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science
Ashley Marie Petersen, Michael Wade Smith, & Michael Dunn, PhD
The processes of cleansing, purifying, and sanctifying are relevant to nutrition, dietetics, and food science.
Anciently, winnowing removed chaff and other impurities from edible wheat kernels. Traditionally it was done by casting the harvested grain into the air using a winnowing fork or fan. Air currents then carried away the lighter chaff, while heavier grain fell onto mats
below. John the Baptist used this process as an analogy of Christ and His sanctifying power (Matt. 3:12): Christ is the winnower, and by relying on His Atonement and yielding to the Holy Ghost we are purified and separated from the chaff of the world.
In the twenty-first century, the food industry reduces the potential for foodborne illnesses and protects food from contamination and adulteration by relying on technologies such as magnets and metal detectors; sensor-controlled pasteurization; and aseptic, tamper-evident packaging.
Furthermore, members of several world religions adhere to a variety of dietary patterns that set them apart. For example, devout Jews keep kosher laws, observant Muslims follow halal laws, and many Hindus and Jains eat lacto-vegetarian diets. In Christian sects, Seventh-day Adventists promote plant-based diets, and members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints obey the Word of Wisdom. Although there are differences among these dietary codes, those who faithfully adhere to them believe that what they consume affects not only their bodies but also their spirits. Thus, these believers exhibit a form of obedience and sacrifice, which ultimately produces spiritually sanctifying effects.
Physics
Eric Hirschmann, PhD
Science generally, and physics specifically, aims to build models and processes that describe a variety of physical systems. These systems could be as diverse as an atom, a superconductor, a sand dune, Earth’s climate, a black hole, or a galaxy. These models are created to both explain and predict system phenomena. Developing such models is an iterative process, oftentimes with what may feel like some trial and error. For instance, after some unexplained observation or experimental result, a model might begin as a rough, inaccurate guess attempting to approximate those observations. The model is then put to the test by additional experiments or observations. Subsequently, adjustments are made to the model, hopefully improving on the original. The process then repeats or iterates.
In this context, iteration becomes a winnowing and refining process in which model failings are shed and approximations become increasingly accurate. With each repetition and improvement, the model’s predictive and explanatory power increases.
Such models, of course, will never be perfect. Indeed, the iterative process will forever be one of incremental refinement. (Might one even say incremental purification?) But such refined, clarified models become ever more serviceable tools in representing and understanding the physical world around us.
Sacred times and spaces facilitate cleansing, purifying, and sanctifying processes.
Holiness to the Lord
God sanctified the seventh day; Jews have celebrated the Passover for generations; and individuals throughout history have fasted and prayed regularly.
Depending on what has occurred and whether they have been dedicated for special purposes, geographical features and human-made edifices may qualify as sacred spaces: Moses met Jehovah on Mount Sinai; Jesus attended Herod’s Temple; and faithful Latter-day Saints visit temples throughout the world. Even our physical bodies, our “tabernacle[s] of clay” (Moroni 9:6), can be holy spaces for our spirits.
Altering seemingly common places and times into sacred ones liberate us from the ordinary and mundane by dissolving the distance between humans and the Divine. Communing with Deity, receiving instruction, making and honoring covenants, and experiencing an outpouring of the Spirit are transformative actions with a cumulative effect of helping to cleanse, purify, and sanctify us―especially as we begin discerning that which is holy in everyday life.9
“And thou shalt bring Aaron and his sons unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and wash them with water.” Exodus 40:12 [10]
“The covenants received and the ordinances performed in temples are essential to the sanctifying of our hearts and for the ultimate exaltation of God’s sons and daughters.” Elder David A. Bednar [11]
What spaces and times are cleansing, purifying, or sanctifying to me?How does Jorge Cocco’s Forty Nights painting inspire me to become more holy? |
The Pure in Heart
Candidates of Zion consistently do the Father’s will, consecrate their energy to Him, and exercise obedience, faith, humility, gratitude, selflessness, and charity. These activities effect mighty changes of heart as we twist our spirit away from the natural human and move toward the Son.12 Emulating Christ’s example bridles us while expanding our souls.
Although they bring their unique gifts and talents with them, Zion’s inhabitants experience cleansing, purifying, and sanctifying as precursors to establishing a harmonious community. Becoming holy refines and reorients us toward a heavenly culture because it helps us reach our highest potential.
Citizens of Zion gather, dwell in righteousness, and inaugurate God’s kingdom on Earth. Living a celestial law, they “lay hold upon every good thing” (Moroni 7:25) and ultimately “behold the face of God” (D&C 84:23).
How can I seek holiness in my life?How can I identify and further Zion-like attributes in my family? My relationships? My community?How can I stand “in holy places and be not moved” (D&C 87:8)? |
“Can ye look up to God at that day with a pure heart and clean hands? I say unto you, can you look up, having the image of God engraven upon your countenances?” Alma 5:19
“Expressing charity, or love, purifies and sanctifies our souls, helping us become more like the Savior. . . . Through those small acts of charity, you follow the Savior and you act as instruments in His hands as you help, care, lift, comfort, listen, encourage, nurture, teach and strengthen [those] under your care.” Sister Silvia H. Allred[13]
Exhibition Credits
· Heather M. Seferovich, exhibition co-curator, Education in Zion Gallery, BYU
· Anamae Anderson, exhibition co-curator, School of Music, BYU
· Daniel L. Belnap, exhibition co-curator, Department of Ancient Scripture, Gallery, BYU
· Nicole Brady, exhibition co-curator, School of Music, BYU
· Zachary Chase, exhibition co-curator, Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, BYU
· Marilyn Dodson, exhibition co-curator, School of Music, BYU
· Michael L. Dunn, exhibition co-curator, Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, BYU
· Clifton Farnsworth, exhibition co-curator, Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, BYU
· Eric Hirschmann, exhibition co-curator, Department of Physics, BYU
· Sandra Hope, exhibition co-curator, Department of Microbiology, BYU
· Jim Johnston, exhibition co-curator, Department of Environmental and Public Health, BYU
· Karen M. Lundberg, exhibition co-curator, College of Nursing, BYU
· Greg Nelson, exhibition co-curator, Lee Library, BYU
· Ashley Marie Petersen, exhibition co-curator, Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, BYU
· Michael Wade Smith, exhibition co-curator, Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, BYU
· Richard Williamson, Art Director, RIXDS Agency
· Eric Howard, exhibition installation, Lee Library, BYU
· Curatorial Research Assistants: Jane Drinkwater, Eliza Dunn, Morgan Farnsworth, Coral Van Noy
· J. Michael Hunter, associate university librarian, Lee Library, BYU, and advisory committee chair for Education in Zion Gallery
Footnotes
1 Joshua commanded the Israelites to sanctify themselves in preparation to cross the Jordan River into Canaan, which symbolically baptized the Israelites as they transformed from their old lives of slavery into new lives as God’s chosen people.
2 JS, History of the Church, 1:207
3 Elder Yoshihiko Kikuchi, “Heighten Your Capacity,” BYU Speeches, June 11, 1985. Ritual cleanliness and purification are part of Shinto culture, which permeates the broader Japanese culture in which Elder Kikuchi was raised.
4 The Hawaiian word Huikala means to purify. The roots of the word: Hui means to join or be in union, group, team; Kala means to loosen, untie, absolve, forgive, or let go. Thus, Huikala encompasses loosening, un-tying, letting go, and subsequently forgiving or reuniting.
5 Like cleansing, purification often involves water, but it is frequently moving water, which is less likely to be contaminated (think of Living Water). Purification was frequently performed by craftsmen (which symbolize God), such as metal workers, laboring next to a hot fire with molten metal in crucibles, stirring the substances and skimming off impurities or dross. Removing impurities was done in a variety of ways: acid treatments, chemical solvents, electrolytes, etc. Thus, purification takes effort, requires multiple steps, and is often painful. Indigenous cultures, such as Aboriginals or Native Americans, have rituals that include burning, smoking, or smudging leaves to purify a space or people. Similarly, the altars of ancient temples often had incense burning, such as tree resins or spices. In the scriptures, injunctions to purge frequently were given to a collective or a group of people (70% of instances), rather than to individuals (30% of cases). Corpus studies reveal the top terms/concepts that were commanded to purify: tabernacle/temple, gold, pure in heart/a pure people, body (e.g., hands, eyes, etc.), words (e.g., language testimony, commandments), minds/consciences, water, garments/clothing
6 The person/object/place that is sanctified is wholly set apart to God. Sanctification implies a condition uncontaminated by the world or its influences. Something that is sanctified is unified, refined, or exalted. Sanctification involves separating, surrendering, preserving, and consecrating. Whatever is sanctified is protected by God. Oddly, in Croatian, Serbian, and Czech, sanctification also has a connotation of avenging, and in Macedonian the word sanctification is translated as taking revenge and a synonym is to illuminate, light, or cast your light upon. In the Hausa language, sanctification is also a synonym of reclamation. The Encyclopedia of Mormonism’s entry on sanctification begins, “Sanctification is the process of becoming a saint, holy and spiritually clean and pure, by purging all sin from the soul.” Think of the story of Ammon and Lamoni in Alma 19; verse
7 Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 51. Jewish tradition holds that all 613 laws found in the Torah are summed up in the Ten Commandments. Christians view the Ten Commandments as the foundation of God’s moral law. Jesus called people to an even higher standard by obeying the commandments not only in their actions but also in their hearts (Matt 5:27-28). The initial commandments start with the relationship with the “Lord your God” (Exodus 20:2). God told His people He was their Lord, Master, and Creator God. They should have no other gods, and they should not make idols. They should not misuse his name. The Sabbath bridges our relationship with God, and the following commandments address our relationships with other people. According to Exodus 32:15, God engraved both sides of the tablets. Many wonder which words were written on the stone tablets and if the first tablet contained commands 1-5 and the second contained 6-10. Other scholars divide the list between the first two commandments and the following eight based on the word length of the text. The Ten Commandments are evidence of a covenant between God and his people. Some scholars think that both tablets contained identical copies of the same commands, just as we have two copies of a legal document. Galatians 3:24 says that the law is a schoolmaster that guards us, teaches us and leads us to Christ. What that means is that when we look at the Ten Commandments, we should see that we have broken them and recognize our utter helplessness to do what is right in God's eyes.
8 Elder D. Todd Christofferson, “Born Again,” Ensign, May 2008, 78.
9 Background image: On July 26, 1847, Brigham Young and others climbed this hill, now named Ensign Peak, to survey the Salt Lake Valley. Because the Saints had left their temple in Nauvoo, and it took several years for them to complete another temple, Addison Pratt had no temple in which to receive his endowment before leaving on a mission to Hawaii in 1849. He “was taken to the summit of Ensign Peak and given his endowments, that he might return to those islands of the sea in which he had labored, with greater spiritual power” (Brigham H. Roberts, Conference Report, April 1915, 130). Brigham Young consecrated the peak for this purpose. In 1996, President Gordon B. Hinckley dedicated the Ensign Peak Nature Park, setting it apart to be “a place of pondering, a place of remembrance, a place of thoughtful gratitude, a place of purposeful resolution” (“Park at Ensign Peak Dedicated,” LDS Church News, (August 3, 1996). “A 1991 Church News article referred to Ensign Peak as Utah’s version of Mount Sinai, making it the state’s most sacred mountain.” Cited in Lynn Arave, “In Utah history, Ensign Peak has a lofty prominence,” Deseret News, July 25, 2010.
10 Symbolically, doors represent partitions between public vs. private space, divisions between secular and sacred places, or transitioning from one place to another. Doors separate you from your next destination. They can also be entrances, openings, passageways, changes, beginnings, opportunities, endings, exits, and rebirths. A door can be used as a type of threshold to symbolize a boundary and separate two distinct places, denoting privacy, reservedness, and security. A threshold is typically a boundary and point at which two places meet and where two worlds come together to provide a point of passage. Reaching or crossing the threshold is associated with rebirth and leaving the past behind.
11 Elder David A. Bednar, “Let This House Be Built Unto My Name,” April 2020.
12 Think of the rich young ruler (Matt 19:16-22). What do we need to put on the altar of sacrifice to fully come to Christ? Background photo of rolling Missouri hills in summertime: Unfortunately, it’s not Adam-ondi-Ahman, but it certainly looks like the sacred place.
13 Sister Silvia H. Allred, “Charity Never Faileth,” October 2011 general conference talk. Sister Allred, a native of El Salvador, was First Counselor to Julie Beck in the Relief Society General Presidency from 2007 to 2012.
14 https://theconversation.com/florence-nightingale-a-pioneer-of-hand-washing-and-hygiene-for-health-134270